Missed the summer planting window? You’re not alone — and you’re definitely not out of luck. In fact, late summer and early fall are perfect for planting fast-growing, cold-hardy vegetables that don’t just survive — they thrive — in cooler weather.
Whether your tomatoes failed, the heat hit too hard, or you simply got a late start, this guide will show you exactly what to plant now for a successful fall harvest.
Why Fall Crops Are a Smart Second Chance
You don’t need a greenhouse, raised bed, or even a ton of experience. Fall crops offer unique advantages:
- Fewer pests and diseases than summer
- Cooler temps and consistent moisture help plants thrive
- Frost improves the flavor of many root and leafy crops
- Soil is still warm, which means fast germination
- Fall gardening sets you up for spring success with better-prepped soil
So don’t give up — shift your focus to what grows well now.
Fast Fall Crops to Plant Now
These vegetables mature quickly, tolerate cooler temperatures, and offer harvests within weeks.
1. Radishes
Days to maturity: 20–30
Why they’re perfect: The fastest-growing crop. Ideal for filling empty spots and harvesting before frost.
2. Arugula
Days to maturity: 20–40
Why it’s perfect: Grows fast, loves cool weather, and adds a peppery punch to salads. Tolerates light frost well.
3. Spinach
Days to maturity: 35–45
Why it’s perfect: One of the most cold-tolerant greens. Sow now for continuous fall harvests — and overwinter in mild zones.
4. Lettuce (Loose-leaf or Romaine)
Days to maturity: 30–55
Why it’s perfect: Grows fast, especially in cooler weather. Harvest outer leaves for a continuous supply.
5. Turnips
Days to maturity: 40–60
Why they’re perfect: Both the roots and greens are edible. Excellent for cool-climate gardeners.
6. Beets
Days to maturity: 50–65
Why they’re perfect: Slightly slower to mature, but well worth it. Beets grow sweeter as temps drop.
7. Green Onions (Scallions)
Days to maturity: 50–60
Why they’re perfect: Easy to grow in beds or containers. Tolerates cold and can be harvested at any stage.
8. Swiss Chard
Days to maturity: 50–60
Why it’s perfect: Heat-tolerant and frost-resistant. Will keep producing until a hard freeze.
9. Kale
Days to maturity: 50–65
Why it’s perfect: Extremely cold-hardy. Tastes better after a light frost and produces long into late fall.
10. Mustard Greens
Days to maturity: 30–50
Why they’re perfect: Quick to germinate and full of nutrients. Add them to fall soups or sautéed dishes.
When to Plant for Fall Success
Your window depends on your region’s first expected frost. Here’s how to time it right:
- Look up your first frost date
- Check the days to maturity on your seed packet
- Count backward from the frost date
- Add a buffer of 10–14 days to account for slower fall growth
✅ Example: If your first frost is Oct 20 and you want to plant kale (60 days), aim to sow seeds by mid-August.
How to Help Fall Crops Thrive
Fall gardening is less work — but it still takes attention. Use these quick tips:
- Water early in the day to reduce disease risk
- Use shade cloth if it’s still hot when you plant
- Mulch to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature
- Protect seedlings from pests — they’re still active
- Use row covers or cloches for frost protection later in the season
Container Gardening? No Problem
All of the crops above can grow in containers or grow bags, making fall gardening accessible to anyone, anywhere.
- Use 6″–12″ deep containers
- Place in a sunny spot (south-facing is ideal)
- Water consistently — fall winds can dry soil quickly
- Add lightweight mulch like straw to the surface
Crops That Are Too Late to Plant
If you’re beyond the mid-to-late August window (in zones 5–7), skip these crops unless you’re in a mild climate:
- Tomatoes
- Peppers
- Corn
- Beans
- Cucumbers
These need long, hot growing seasons and won’t mature before frost without protection.
FAQs About Late-Season Planting
Is it too late to start a garden in September?
Not at all — if you’re planting fast growers like radishes, arugula, or spinach. You can also prep beds for overwintering garlic or greens.
Can I plant fall crops in pots?
Yes. Containers are great for fall crops. Just ensure drainage and protect from wind or frost.
Do fall crops need fertilizer?
Yes, but go light. A compost-rich bed and balanced fertilizer are usually enough. Avoid high nitrogen late in the season.
What’s the best crop to start with right now?
Start with radishes or spinach — both are quick, easy, and reliable in fall conditions.
Final Thoughts
It’s not too late — it’s just a new season.
If summer passed you by or your warm-weather crops didn’t deliver, there’s still time to grow something beautiful and edible. With just a few smart choices, you can fill your garden (or containers) with fast-growing, fall-friendly vegetables that love the cool air and rich soil.